Abstract
Solanum vernei is widely used in potato breeding for the introgression of desired genes into the cultivated potato. The composition of the natural toxicants (steroidal glycoalkaloids) of tubers of S. vernei, of S. vernei x S. tuberosum hybrids, and of potato cultivars was studied. Extremely high levels of solanidine glycosides and varying levels of glycosidic-bound solasodine, tomatidenol and minor steroidal alkaloids, amongst which the 22 R,25 R epimer of solanidine, were present in tubers of S. vernei. The growing conditions did not influence the total content, but did significantly influence the composition of the steroidal alkaloids in S. vernei. Potentially toxic concentrations of solanidine glycosides can be present in tubers of inter-specific hybrids and of new potato cultivars produced by repeated backcrossing. In addition alien steroidal glycoalkaloids can be transmitted from the wild species to the cultivated potato. Itis recommended that the steroidal glycoalkaloid composition be used as a major criterion for assessing new potato cultivars prior to being released for human consumption.
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