Transmission Condition Monitoring of 3D Printers Based on the Echo State Network

Shaohui Zhang,Diego Cabrera,Kun He,Jianyu Long,Yun Bai,Chuan Li

doi:10.3390/app9153058

Abstract

Three-dimensional printing quality is critically affected by the transmission condition of 3D printers. A low-cost technique based on the echo state network (ESN) is proposed for transmission condition monitoring of 3D printers. A low-cost attitude sensor installed on a 3D printer was first employed to collect transmission condition monitoring data. To solve the high-dimensional problem of attitude data, feature extraction approaches were subsequently performed. Based on the extracted features, the ESN was finally employed to monitor transmission faults of the 3D printer. Experimental results showed that the fault recognition accuracy of the 3D printer was obtained at 97.17% using the proposed approach. In addition, support vector machine (SVM), locality preserving projection support vector machine (LPPSVM), and principal component analysis support vector machine (PCASVM) were also used for comparison. The contrast results showed that the recognition accuracies of our method were higher and more stable than that of SVM, LPPSVM, and PCASVM when collecting raw data via the low-cost attitude sensor.

Highlights

As a rapid prototyping technology, 3D printing is based on a digital model and can be sticky with powdered metal or plastic
The contrast results showed that the recognition accuracies of our method were higher and more stable than that of support vector machine (SVM), locality preserving projection support vector machine (LPPSVM), and principal component analysis support vector machine (PCASVM)
The precision shown in the diagram of is five mean tests

Summary

Introduction

As a rapid prototyping technology, 3D printing is based on a digital model and can be sticky with powdered metal or plastic. Materials are used to construct objects via layer-by-layer printing [1]. The application domain of 3D printing is expanding rapidly. Aviation, automobile manufacturing, and medical industries, 3D printing can produce small batches of customized components with low cost and high efficiency [2]. The quality of 3D printing products are greatly reduced when transmission faults occur [3]. Under these circumstances, a novel cable-driven parallel printer is well designed, it will encounter faults during its life time. It is necessary to develop low-cost transmission condition monitoring techniques for 3D printers, which will monitor the quality of 3D printing

Methods

Results

Conclusion