Abstract
Scanning and transmission electron microscopy methods have been employed to study topographic features and subsurface damage associated with erosive-particle impact craters in annealed 310 stainless steel surfaces. Angular Al 2O 3 and spherical glass particles approximately 50 μm in diameter were projected at a velocity of 59 m s −1 to impact the surface at attack angles of 90° and 20°. Under these conditions, material was found to be displaced but not removed from the surface at isolated impact sites. A comparison was made with damage produced at diamond pyramid hardness indentations. Substantial differences were not observed. In general, a high dislocation density zone a few microns wide was found to surround both impact craters and hardness indentations. The width of this zone varied according to the size and shape of the crater and the direction of particle motion. Deformation twinning occurred at some impact sites. The plastic strain associated with impact craters in 310 stainless steel and copper was also determined by a method that is based on an analysis of selected-area electron channelling patterns.
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