Translational science and related disciplines.

Abstract

Translational research moves scientific discoveries and innovations across the development spectrum for a particular target or disease, trying to bridge in a multidisciplinary fashion the gap between laboratory scientific discoveries and practical, real-world applications in medicine and in healthcare. Translational research aims to move research findings across settings, specific languages, methodologies, and study designs, from laboratory to clinical practice and ultimately into community- and population-level health benefits. In contrast, translational science is a distinct field, which evolved over time toward a systematic study and practice of operationalizing the translation of content from one language, ecosystem, environment, contextual landscape, culture, discipline, area, or domain into another. It involves systematic and transdisciplinary integration of knowledge from basic science, clinical research and population science to improve human health, better longevity, and to ensure disease- and disability-free lives. Translational science often uses knowledge, operational frameworks, and specific capabilities borrowed from other specialties, disciplines, and fields such as operations management, implementation and dissemination science, quality improvement and management, project management, public health, intervention science, change management and leadership, decision science, design thinking, functional design, data science, communication and marketing science, etc. The main goal of this article is to open a series of thematic reviews in this journal, introducing the reader to the main definitions, contingencies, touchpoints, and overlapping areas between translational science and these related specialties, disciplines, and fields of study. Transdisciplinary capabilities borrowing from these related specialties can create a robust translational science machinery for health systems, research organizations, and innovation hubs.