TRANSLATION AND CROSS-CULTURAL ADAPTATION OF THE CEREBRAL PALSY QUALITY OF LIFE-CHILD PRIMARY CAREGIVER (CPQOL-CPC) TO FILIPINO

Abstract

Introduction: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a prevalent cause of childhood disability. Its impact is significantly higher in low to moderate income countries like the Philippines, with a disease burden 5 to 10 times greater. The Cerebral Palsy Quality of Life for Children (CP QOL-Child) - Primary Caregiver Questionnaire is a self-report measure which assesses quality of life (QOL) of children with CP. It has excellent psychometric properties and remarkable representation of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. The validity and reliability of the English tool may be affected when used to a different speaking population. The objectives of this research were to: 1) translate the CP QOL-Child to Filipino, and 2) determine conceptual equivalence, understandability, and acceptability of the translated version. Methods: Five steps of the translation process were conducted; forward translation, reconciliation of items, backward translation (BT), review of forward and BT by an expert panel, and pretesting with cognitive interviews. Ten target participants, selected using maximum variation approach, participated in the pretesting. In the panel discussion, percentage of agreement on conceptual equivalence was determined and thematic analysis was conducted. For pre-testing, cognitive interviews were evaluated according to understandability of items and appropriateness of response. Results: The panel review determined 65 items with full agreement (100%), 13 items with moderate agreement (80%), and 39 items with low agreement (≤60%) on conceptual equivalence between the BT and the original. The considerations for revisions were 1) grammar, 2) colloquialism and, 3) culture. Difficulties in understanding the translation during pre-testing were attributed to unfamiliarity of terms and concepts, and formatting. Participants’ feedback were incorporated into the final Filipino version. Discussion: The Filipino translation of the CPQOL-Child appears to be understandable and culturally appropriate based on expert panel and pre-testing participants. This version can be used to establish the tool’s psychometric properties.