Abstract
In addition to the act of translation, transculturalisation and strategies of textuality come into play as interacting factors in the compilation of interlingual dictionaries. In this article, some conclusions resulting from a comparative survey of some South African dictionaries are drawn, specifically with regard to bi- and trilingual dictionaries in which Afrikaans, English, Japanese, Xhosa and Zulu combine as macrostructural components. After relating the act of translating in the various dictionaries to equivalence-based and descriptive theories of translation, the phenomenon of cultural transposition between lemma and translation equivalent is investigated. Starting with a brief characterisation of the dictionaries, the different perspectives and cultural biases vis-à-vis the "other" culture as reflected in the selection of lemmas and editorial examples are highlighted. In situating each instance of lexicographical contact, certain text linguistic principles are considered and applied to dictionary articles as units of discourse.<b>Keywords:</b> acceptability; afrikaans; associative meanings; cultural studies; english; informativity; intentionality; interlingual dictionaries; japanese; labelling; lexicography; macrostructural selection; offensive items; ostensive addressing; principles of textuality; text linguistics; translation; xhosa; zulu
Highlights
The focal point of this article is the interface between translation theory, metalexicography and cultural studies
It can be indicated that De Beaugrande and Dressler's (1982) seven principles of textuality are all, to a greater or lesser degree, applicable to dictionary articles by and large
In the hendecaglossic situation in which we find ourselves after http://lexikTosra.jnosulrantainlsg.aCcu.zltaure in Bilingual Dictionaries
Summary
The focal point of this article is the interface between translation theory, metalexicography and cultural studies. (A transitive verb in French or German is usually translated by means of a more or less semantically equivalent transitive verb of the same subcategory in, say, English.) In the case of genealogically unrelated, or typologically divergent languages, this correlation is often conspicuously absent and it is important to explain systematic differences between the two languages on the grammatical level For this reason the descriptive approach is the proper point of departure to investigate equivalence relations and to raise, in the case of a translating dictionary, the problem of equivalence as a function of lemmatic addressing, whether it be grammatical, semantic or pragmatic. I will confine myself to items about which there should be unanimity as representing culture-specific behaviour other than the use of language as such, such as references to lifestyle, attitudes to human conditions, socio~political references, etc
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