Abstract
Transition metal oxides (TMO) and their carbon composites have become a glittering upcoming material science candidate. Their interesting properties, such as their meticulous morphology, plentiful availability, flexible surface chemistry along with outstanding mechanical, thermal, and optical properties make them ideal for efficient photocatalytic dye degradation. An extensive range of TMO, and their carbon composites are reviewed highlighting the progression and opportunities for the photocatalytic degradation of dyes. Here, we concisely describe the numerous techniques to extend the optical absorption of these TMOs involving dye sensitization, metal doping, etc. Besides this, an overview of all aspects of dye degradation along with the prevailing challenges for future utilization and development of such nanocomposites towards highly efficient dye degradation system are also reported.
Highlights
With the increase in world population and rapid urbanization, natural resources are getting exhausted
This is possible through photocatalysis, a property exhibited by semiconducting oxides or more precisely transition metal oxides (TMO), whereby they absorb photons to undergo redox reactions, breaking complex organic molecules into simpler fragments [27]
Photocatalysis is an imperative route for greener decipher of energy and environmental issues of modern era
Summary
With the increase in world population and rapid urbanization, natural resources are getting exhausted. As per the World Bank’s estimation, textile dyeing and treatment effluents results in 17 to 20% of water pollution [4]. Dye effluent commonly contains chemicals which are toxic, carcinogenic or mutagenic to aquatic species [9,10]. Adsorption ion exchange the most widely physical m cal methods forods dyes removal resulting in high quality water [14]. Separation processes by utilizing membranes, rev reverse osmosisosmosis and ultrafiltration with microfiltration help detach the dyes and ultrafiltration with microfiltration help detach thefrom dyeslarger from larger m molecules in thecules wastewater. These processes limitedhave applications due to the inherent in the wastewater.
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