Abstract
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and Autler–Townes splitting (ATS) are two similar yet distinct phenomena that modify the transmission of a weak probe field through an absorption medium in the presence of a coupling field, featured in a variety of three-level atomic systems. In many applications it is important to distinguish EIT from ATS splitting. We present EIT and ATS spectra in a three-level cascade system, involving cold cesium atoms in the Rydberg state. The EIT linewidth, γEIT, defined as the full width at half maximum of the transparency window, and the ATS splitting, γATS, defined as the peak-to-peak distance between AT absorption peaks, are used to delineate the EIT and ATS regimes and to characterize the transition between the regimes. In the cold-atom medium, in the weak-coupler (EIT) regime γEIT ≈ A + B( + , where Ωc and Ωp are the coupler and probe Rabi frequencies, Γeg is the spontaneous decay rate of the intermediate 6P3/2 level, and parameters A and B that depend on the laser linewidth. We explore the transition into the strong-coupler (ATS) regime, which is characterized by the relation γATS ≈ Ωc. The experiments are in agreement with numerical solutions of the Master equation. Our analysis accounts for non-ideal conditions that exist in typical realizations of Rydberg-EIT, including laser-frequency jitter, Doppler mismatch of the utilized two-color Rydberg EIT system, and strong probe fields. The obtained criteria to distinguish cold-atom EIT from ATS are readily accessible and applicable in practical implementations.
Highlights
Induced transparency (EIT) [1] is a quantum interference effect in which the absorption of a weak probe laser, interacting resonantly with an atomic transition, is reduced in the presence of a coupling laser
Holloway et al [10] have investigated the relationship between the Rabi frequency of resonant RF transitions between Rydberg states and the resultant Aulter-Townes splitting (ATS) splitting in Rydberg-Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) spectra measured in roomtemperature atomic vapor
We find γEIT = A + B((Ω2c + Ω2p)/Γeg) when Ωc Γeg; the parameters A and B depend on broadening due to laser linewidth etc
Summary
Induced transparency (EIT) [1] is a quantum interference effect in which the absorption of a weak probe laser, interacting resonantly with an atomic transition, is reduced in the presence of a coupling laser. EIT and ATS have been extensively investigated experimentally and theoretically in Λ-, V − and cascade-type three-level atoms [1, 5,6,7,8,9]. Holloway et al [10] have investigated the relationship between the Rabi frequency of resonant RF transitions between Rydberg states and the resultant ATS splitting in Rydberg-EIT spectra measured in roomtemperature atomic vapor. In the present experimental and theoretical study, we focus on cold-atom cascade EIT and ATS in a magnetooptical trap (MOT), with a Rydberg upper-level state. We study the dependence of the Rydberg-EIT linewidth and the ATS in a cesium MOT on the Rabi frequencies of the probe and coupling transitions
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