Transfusión intravascular fetal en el tratamiento de la isoinmunización

Abstract

Objective To assess perinatal outcome after fetal intravascular transfusion in the treatment of alloimmunization between 1990 and 2003. Subjects and methods Fetal blood sampling was offered to immunized pregnant women when significant fetal anemia was suspected. Intravascular fetal transfusion was performed when the fetal hematocrit was below –2 standard deviations for gestational age. Serial transfusions were scheduled every 3 weeks until approximately 34-35 weeks. Results Cordocentesis was performed in 32 singleton pregnancies. In 11 (34%) of these, no fetal anemia as defined by the established criteria was detected. Fifty intravascular fetal transfusions were performed in 19 pregnancies, from the 21st to the 35th week. No spontaneous fetal losses were observed. At 0-13 years of age, all the children showed normal development for their age. Conclusion Fetal intravascular transfusion is an effective procedure in the prenatal treatment of fetal anemia with favorable long-term outcome.