Abstract
<p>The higher education sector faced increasingly tense to transform due to the digitization that reshapes the world in the 21st century to strengthen and improve the teaching and learning environment. The present critical success factors driven by global-profit-making reform institutions are affected by both external and internal issues. This systematic article review expounds on the instrumental transformation variables that influence higher education institutions globally. The exploration of these variables is not a new phenomenon in this research field and has long gained numerous scholars' attention. However, most of these past inquiries overlooked the effects of cultural and contextual components, where the higher education landscape perspectives are often underrepresented. Hence, this study aims to fill this gap by critically reviewing a considerable amount of past studies on the changes in Asian educational institutions. The Systematic Review approach was adopted for data analysis, accessing main journal databases and search engines through Elsevier, ResearchGate, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Scopus, Emerald and EBSCO. The search efforts resulted in a corpus of 33 articles were reviewed. As a result of the thematic analyses, eight main themes were formulated namely, Globalization, Income Generation and Financial Implication, Institutional Policies, Knowledge Management, Learning Innovation, Governance in Institutional Restructuring, Synergy, and Leadership as dominant variables for the higher education sector. Several recommendations were also presented for the reference of relevant parties and future scholars. </p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0963/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
Highlights
Institutional transformation is seen as an approach to strengthen the independence and managing changes in both the governance and the management of institutions (Wright & Ørberg, 2015)
From the thematic analysis conducted, it was founded that most pertinent indicators that reflect higher education success in transformation is leadership factors. 20 out of 33 studies (60.61%) indicates that leadership the most important components in the transformation process for most higher education institutions
The higher education system has undergone multiple rounds of transformations- embarked on a structural transformation of its economy with the agenda of human capital development taking the center stage in the transformation agendas
Summary
Institutional transformation is seen as an approach to strengthen the independence and managing changes in both the governance and the management of institutions (Wright & Ørberg, 2015). The decision-making process and its implementation may require the creation of new structures, specific allocation resources criteria for activities, allotment of tasks to different groups, and effective evaluations of performance. On the other hand, Shariffuddin et al (2017) listed globalization, internationalization, world-class rankings, government policies, corporatization and privatization, governance, academic career, and academic activities as catalysts of change in Malaysian higher institutions. It focuses on refining the skills and capabilities of human capital in building capacity for economic and social expansion (Burnes & Jackson, 2011; Maassen et al, 2017).
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