Transformation of rotating dipole and vortex solitons in an anharmonic potential

Abstract

We investigate the basic properties of dipole and vortex solitons, both quiescent and rotating, supported by the axially symmetric anharmonic potential in a medium with cubic-quintic nonlinearity. The static solitons exhibit nonmonotonous behavior in terms of propagation constant as a function, and feature bistability regions. In the rotating frame, the dipole solitons transform into vortex solitons and the topological charge increases gradually with the growth of rotation frequency. Linear stability analysis and direct simulations reveal that rotating dipole solitons with higher charges are more stable than those with lower charges. Meanwhile, dipole solitons can rotate persistently during propagation and preserve their shape over multiple rotation periods. Our findings provide an alternative way for the transformation to achieve dipole and vortex solitons with higher topological charges.