Abstract
Background Data: Since the initial idea by Kambin and Gellman in 1973 of percutaneous posterolateral lumbar disc decompression, the evolution of minimally invasive interventions in disc herniation has been widely growing. The advancements in optics and surgical instruments allowed surgeons to perform true minimally invasive procedures in a wide range of spine pathologies. In addition, transforaminal percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (TPELD) has been widely utilized in various degenerative spine pathologies, due to the presence of high-speed drills, flexible forceps, scissors, curettes, and probes to manage pathologies such as disc herniation or canal stenosis.
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