Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the main causes of nosocomial infections and is frequently associated with opportunistic infections among hospitalized patients. Kaempferol-3-O-(2′,6′-di-O-trans-p-coumaroyl)-β-D glucopyranoside (KF) is an antipseudomonal compound isolated from the leaves of the native medicinal plant Melastoma malabathricum. Herein, an RNA-seq transcriptomic approach was employed to study the effect of KF treatment on P. aeruginosa and to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the response to KF at two time points (6 h and 24 h incubation). Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed for four genes (uvrD, sodM, fumC1, and rpsL) to assess the reliability of the RNA-seq results. The RNA-seq transcriptomic analysis revealed that KF increases the expression of genes involved in the electron transport chain (NADH-I), resulting in the induction of ATP synthesis. Furthermore, KF also increased the expression of genes associated with ATP-binding cassette transporters, flagella, type III secretion system proteins, and DNA replication and repair, which may further influence nutrient uptake, motility, and growth. The results also revealed that KF decreased the expression of a broad range of virulence factors associated with LPS biosynthesis, iron homeostasis, cytotoxic pigment pyocyanin production, and motility and adhesion that are representative of an acute P. aeruginosa infection profile. In addition, P. aeruginosa pathways for amino acid synthesis and membrane lipid composition were modified to adapt to KF treatment. Overall, the present research provides a detailed view of P. aeruginosa adaptation and behaviour in response to KF and highlights the possible therapeutic approach of using plants to combat P. aeruginosa infections.
Highlights
Pseudomonas aeruginosa sp. is deemed one of the major etiological agents of both acute and chronic human infections ranging from minor skin infections to persistent and often life-threatening diseases in hospitalized or immunocompromised patients [1, 2]
Previous studies by our research group demonstrated that KF can induce P. aeruginosa cell wall damage [6, 7]. us, we decided to investigate the gene expression profile of P. aeruginosa growing in kaempferol-3-O(2′,6′-di-O-trans-p-coumaroyl)-β-D glucopyranoside isolated from Melastoma malabathricum known to locals in Malaysia as “senduduk.” Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology may provide a detailed view of P. aeruginosa adaptation and behaviour in response to KF and could help researchers further understand the transcriptomic response of P. aeruginosa to KF exposure [8]
Transcriptomic data highlighted a marked modulation of gene expression characterized by the induction of the expression of several genes involved in pathogenesis, iron acquisition, DNA replication and repair, and metabolic adaptation to KF growth conditions. e results presented in this study provide a detailed view of gene expression changes in P. aeruginosa in response to KF exposure, facilitating the understanding of the cellular strategies that are utilized under KF exposure conditions and identifying a potential mechanism for the inhibition of P. aeruginosa after KF exposure
Summary
Pseudomonas aeruginosa sp. is deemed one of the major etiological agents of both acute and chronic human infections ranging from minor skin infections to persistent and often life-threatening diseases in hospitalized or immunocompromised patients [1, 2]. Us, we decided to investigate the gene expression profile of P. aeruginosa growing in kaempferol-3-O(2′,6′-di-O-trans-p-coumaroyl)-β-D glucopyranoside isolated from Melastoma malabathricum known to locals in Malaysia as “senduduk.” Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology may provide a detailed view of P. aeruginosa adaptation and behaviour in response to KF and could help researchers further understand the transcriptomic response of P. aeruginosa to KF exposure [8]. E results presented in this study provide a detailed view of gene expression changes in P. aeruginosa in response to KF exposure, facilitating the understanding of the cellular strategies that are utilized under KF exposure conditions and identifying a potential mechanism for the inhibition of P. aeruginosa after KF exposure Transcriptomic data highlighted a marked modulation of gene expression characterized by the induction of the expression of several genes involved in pathogenesis, iron acquisition, DNA replication and repair, and metabolic adaptation to KF growth conditions. e results presented in this study provide a detailed view of gene expression changes in P. aeruginosa in response to KF exposure, facilitating the understanding of the cellular strategies that are utilized under KF exposure conditions and identifying a potential mechanism for the inhibition of P. aeruginosa after KF exposure
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