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Abstract
‘Huaxin’ is a new high-yielding timber cultivar of Camellia oleifera of high economic value, and has been widely cultivated in the red soil hilly region of Hunan Province of the People´s Republic of China in recent years. However, its quality and production are severely affected by low temperatures during flowering. To find genes related to cold tolerance and further explore new candidategenes for chilling-tolerance, Illumina NGS (Next Generation Sequencing) technology was used to perform transcriptomic analyses of C. oleifera ‘Huaxin’ leaves under long-term cold stress. Nine cDNA libraries were sequenced, and 58.31 Gb high-quality clean reads were obtained with an average of 5.92 Gb reads for each sample. A total of 191,150 transcripts were obtained after assembly. Among them, 100,703 unigenes were generated, and 44,610 unigenes were annotated. In total, 1564 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified both in the A_B and A_C gene sets. In the current study, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed, andrevealed a group of cold-responsive genes related to hormone regulation, photosynthesis, membrane systems, and osmoregulation; these genes encoded many key proteins in plant biological processes, such as serine/threonine-protein kinase (STPK), transcription factors (TFs), fatty acid desaturase (FAD), lipid-transfer proteins (LTPs), soluble sugars synthetases, and flavonoid biosynthetic enzymes. Some physiological indicators of C. oleifera ‘Huaxin’ were determined under three temperature conditions, and the results were consistent with the molecular sequencing. In addition, the expression levels of 12 DEGs were verified using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). In summary, the results of DEGs analysis together with qRT-PCR tests contribute to the understanding of cold tolerance and further exploring new candidate genes for chilling-tolerance in molecular breeding programs of C. oleifera ‘Huaxin’.
Highlights
Camellia oleifera Abel. is a member of the genus Camellia in the family Theaceae
Compared to treatment A, relative water content (RWC) of treatment B was significantly decreased by 11.69%; no significant differences were found between treatments A and C (Figure 1i)
The current study identified other important differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to cold stress, including one 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase gene (HPD), two phenylalanine ammonia-lyase genes (PALs), and one cinnamate 4-hydroxylase gene (CYP73A) involved in phenylalanine metabolism pathway
Summary
Camellia oleifera Abel. is a member of the genus Camellia in the family Theaceae. In China, cultivated C. oleifera is one of the four major woody oil species, followed by the tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsley), walnut (Juglansregia), and Chinese tallow tree (Sapium sebiferum) [1,2]. Is a member of the genus Camellia in the family Theaceae. The tea oil extracted from C. oleifera seeds is an edible oil known as “eastern olive oil,” because of its high nutritional value and health benefits [3]. Tea oil has a similar chemical composition to that of olive oil; both contain high amounts of unsaturated fatty acids [4]. As an evergreen broadleaf shrub or small tree, C. oleifera is widely distributed in the subtropical mountainous areas of the Yangtze River basin and South China [5]. With the rapid development of the C. oleifera industry, large areas of red soil hilly region of southern China have been planted with C. oleifera in recent years
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