Tramadol Use for Axillary Brachial Plexus Blockade

Abstract

We investigated the effects of tramadol added to the mixture of local anesthetic for axillary brachial plexus blockade (ABB) in patients to have undergone hand and forearm surgery. Forty patients from the ASA classification I and II, between 18 and 60 y of age, were included in this randomized double-blind study. Group C: levobupivacaine (150 mg) + lidocaine (200 mg) (n = 20), Group T: levobupivacaine (150 mg), + lidocaine (200 mg) + tramadol (100 mg) (n = 20). Intravenous midazolam of 0.02 mg/kg was given for premedication. ABB was performed with 42 mL mixture of local anesthetic, using peripheral nerve stimulator. The duration of onset of motor and sensory blockades was recorded. The postoperative first analgesic need, sedation, and satisfaction score and side effects were recorded. There was no significant difference between the groups regarding intraoperative visual analog scale (VAS), hemodynamics, adverse effects, sedative and analgesic requirement, and the patient satisfaction. The development of motor block at the median nerve on the 5th min (P = 0.03) and at the ulnar nerve on 10th and 15th min in Group T were (P = 0.01, P = 0.03, respectively) considerably longer than that in Group C. Adding 100 mg of tramadol to the combination of levobupivacaine and lidocaine during ABB could not provide an important clinical effect in patients undergoing hand and forearm surgery.