Abstract
Pickering emulsions are systems without surfactants, stabilized by solid particles. These emulsions are experiencing a renewed interest, on the one hand, because it is preferable to limit the use of synthetic surfactants for toxicological and environmental reasons and, on the other hand, the need to make new formulations in order to control the drug release patterns by encapsulation or controlled release. Thus, we were interested in the formulation and evaluation of W / O Pickering emulsions stabilized by particles of magnesium oxide with tramadol hydrochloride in the internal phase. The Bancroft rule served as a model for the formulation. The emulsification was carried out by progressively adding an aqueous phase dispersed in an oil-dispersing phase using a turbo rotor stator mixer. The stability of these emulsions was studied using several parameters (droplet size, pH, viscosity, conductivity...) and the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the active ingredient by UV-visible spectrophotometry. The results obtained showed that the dye test and the conductivity measurement confirmed the W / O nature of these emulsions. Some parameters such as droplet size, pH and viscosity were strongly influenced by the amounts of Magnesium oxide particles and the active ingredient. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the active ingredient confirmed the presence of tramadol in the internal aqueous phase. Thus, we have succeeded in developing a stable W / O Pickering emulsion with magnesium oxide particles. In addition, we were able to encapsulate tramadol in the dispersed aqueous phase.
Highlights
Pickering emulsions are dispersions of two immiscible liquids stabilized by solid particles
The emulsions are all stable, better stability was observed with the emulsions containing 3g of Magnesium Oxide (MgO)
3.1.4. pH of the Emulsions In Figure 4, we show the effect of the variation of the amount Magnesium Oxide and tramadol on the pH evolution of the emulsions
Summary
Pickering emulsions are dispersions of two immiscible liquids stabilized by solid particles. They are generally composed of three components: aqueous phase, oil phase and stabilizing solid particles. The stabilizing effect of emulsions by solid particles has been known for about a century. These emulsions are called "Pickering Emulsions" named after one of the earliest researchers who described this type of stabilization [1]. The adsorption of solid particles at the oil-water interface is strong and irreversible. This leads to the formation of a dense film creating a barrier around the droplets giving them a high resistance to coalescence.
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