Training of Respiratory Muscles in Motion in the Physical Rehabilitation of Patients with Chronic Cerebral Ischem

Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of respiratory muscles training in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia at thehealth resort stage of medical rehabilitation. Materials and methods. An open randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted in 60 patients with chronic cerebral ischemia,who underwent a course of sanatorium-resort rehabilitation treatment on the southern coast of Crimea (Yalta, Republic of Crimea). Men - 11.0%, women - 89.0%, age - 62.3 ± 2.3 years, disease duration - 4.5 ± 1.2 years. In control group 1 (n = 30), climatotherapy, physical training (morning exercises, remedial gymnastics, health path), massage, hardware physiotherapy and medications were carried out. In the main group 2 (n = 30), a similar basic complex was used, but therapeutic exercises were carried out with a breathing simulator and included walking, exercises for diaphragm training, general motor skills, coordination, dexterity, mobility, and joint flexibility. Number 10–12. Before and after the treatment, clinical, laboratory, biochemical, functional (spirography, electrocardiography, fitness test), psychological (Reeder and Back tests) studies were carried out; the indicators of the quality of life were studied; the state of 23 selected domains of the “International classification of functioning, disabilities and health”, included in the section “Body functions”, was assessed. Results. During the sanatorium-resort stage of medical rehabilitation, significant systemic effects were noted in the form of a decrease in clinical manifestations of the disease, an improvement in physical performance indicators and an increase in reserves for overcoming psychological stress. In patients, there was an improvement in static-coordination and psycho emotional state, reduction of dizziness and cephalgia, fatigue, increase in exercise tolerance, general physical endurance, normalization of carbohydrate metabolism indicators and blood lipids.Conclusion. A method of physical rehabilitation based on the principle of external respiration modification by using a breathing trainer with vibration function has been developed. The study allows us to recommend the inclusion in the complex of medical rehabilitation of patients with chronic cerebral ischemia, physical exercises with a breathing simulator, focused on increasing the functional body reserves.