Abstract
Mesosphaerum suaveolens (L.) Kuntze is a species widely used traditionally in the treatment of ailments, such as stomach pain, hemorrhoids, cough, verminosis, ulcer, liver disease, fever, influenza, nasal congestion, and inflammation. This review aims to provide a survey of available information on seven international electronic databases (Google Scholar, Medline, ResearchGate, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, and PubMed) about botanical aspects, traditional uses, phytochemistry, and biological activities of M. suaveolens. Mesosphaerum suaveolens is a tropical America native species, but it can be found in several parts of the world as a ruderal plant. The species is the most studied species of the genus Lamiaceae due its phytochemical aspect, especially regarding the chemical composition of its essential oil. Besides the essential oils, M. suaveolens is a source of numerous secondary compounds such as triterpenes, diterpenes, and phenolic compounds, which are related to its biological activities, such as allelopathic, antibacterial, antifungal, insecticidal, and larvicidal activities as described in the literature.
Highlights
Mesosphaerum suaveolens leaves are popularly used for the treatment of gastric ulcers; no active ingredient had been identified. e first study evaluating such an effect was by Vera-Arvaze et al [43], in which such authors isolated the diterpene suaveolol from the leaves and evaluated it against an induced experimental model; the results presented indicated that this compound had a gastroprotective effect of more than 70%
It is evident that M. suaveolens is the most studied species of the genus, traditionally used in the new and old world to combat several diseases
The species is much investigated, mainly about the composition of its essential oils that can vary according to the locality of occurrence
Summary
With medicinal properties that have always been part of human life, are being used both for the treatment of diseases as for food. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine species that belong to it, such as Mesosphaerum sidifolium (L’Herit.) Harley & J.F.B. Pastore, used to treat stomach disorders and headaches, as well as being used as an expectorant, carminative, and tonic. Is species possesses in vivo antitumor activity against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells causing growth inhibition by inducing cell cycle arrest, besides not showing cytotoxicity [9]. Another species with several bioactivities is Mesosphaerum verticillatum Hyptis verticillata Jacq.) with anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer potentials, among other reports Ethnomedicinal uses of this plant include cough, colds, asthma, fever, tonsillitis, uterine fibroids, bronchitis, and gastrointestinal problems [5]
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