Traditional Ethnobotanical Applications of Artemisia alba Turra and Artemisia absinthium L. from Stara Planina Mt in Serbia

Abstract

Artemisia alba Turra and Artemisia absinthium L. are two plant species within the genus Artemisia L. (Compositae), that played significant roles in the ethnobotanical practices of diverse cultures. This study aims to provide an in-depth exploration of these plants’ traditional uses, cultural significance, and potential therapeutic applications, shedding light on their historical and contemporary relevance. The present study presents a holistic view of the ethnobotanical knowledge associated with A. alba and A. absinthium across different regions at Stara Planina Mt in Serbia, employing a comprehensive research methodology, including a literature review, field survey, and interviews with local communities. The findings revealed a spectrum of traditional uses for both plants. A. alba has been employed for its reported medicinal properties, particularly in treating digestive disorders, fever, and skin conditions. Additionally, its aromatic properties have led to its inclusion in culinary practices and its use in the cosmetic industry. A. absinthium, commonly known as wormwood, has a rich history of therapeutic services. Traditional medicine systems have utilized it for its potential as a digestive aid, antiparasitic agent, and febrifuge. The plant is most known as an ingredient in preparing herbal liqueurs in various societies worldwide throughout history. The study also explores these plants’ potential pharmacological and nutraceutical applications, as modern research has highlighted their bioactive compounds with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. The ethnobotanical exploration of A. alba and A. absinthium underscores their multidimensional roles in human societies. Their uses in traditional medicine, culinary arts, and cultural practices highlight the relationships between plants and people. This research contributes to the preservation of traditional knowledge. It emphasizes the importance of sustainable management and conservation efforts of these botanical resources.