Abstract
M. myrtifolia Boiss. & Hohen. is a strongly aromatic, endemic plant from the Lamiaceae family. The main compounds in the volatile fraction of M. myrtifolia are β- caryophyllene and caryophyllene oxide. Regarding the non-volatile fraction, the main compounds detected in the aqueous and methanol extracts are rosmarinic, syringic, chlorogenic, and caffeic acids, while the main compounds in the ethyl acetate extract are rosmarinic acid and apigenin. The essential oil of M. myrtifolia shows moderate antioxidant activity, while the aqueous and methanol extracts are characterized by extremely good antioxidant activity. The methanolic extract of M. myrtifolia and its phenolic compounds show remarkable antidepressant activities in in vivo and in vitro tests. It was found that the extracts, as well as the essential oil, can significantly inhibit the activity of α-amylase and tyrosinase. Also, it was confirmed that M. myrtifolia decoctions have antifungal activity against Penicillium digitatum and Botritis cinerea.
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