Trade relations and the development of crafts in central asia in the late xix and early xx centuries

Abstract

This article provides information on trade relations and caravanserais, markets, shops in Central Asia in the late XIX -early XX centuries, which were a source of income from trade. It is also said that the cities located on the cavdo roads played an important role in Central Asia's trade with neighboring countries. In turn, various raw materials, including cotton, silk, wool, astrakhan leather, cattle skin, silk and cotton yarn, various handicrafts and dried fruits were exported from the region.It has been scientifically analyzed that foreign goods such as industrial goods, Indian tea, spices, dyes, precious stones, sugar, and medicines produced in factories and plants of Russia and European countries were brought to Central Asia. During this period, trade and handicrafts were taxed separately, that is, the types of taxes in the markets could be broker money, place money, market money, and so on. Islamic, zoomorphic, geometric, epigraphic and astral-celestial ornaments were widely used in the decoration of handicrafts. The handicrafts produced also reflected the traditional and distinctive local features of Central Asia.