Trace elements in sheep and goat milk samples from Apulia and Basilicata regions (Italy): Valuation by multivariate data analysis

Abstract

The concentrations of 12 non-essential trace elements (Pb, Cd, Hg, As, U, Cr, Sr, Be, Ni, Al, Sn and Tl) and 8 essential trace elements (Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, V, Se, Co and Mo) were determined in 78 raw milk samples of sheep and goat species. The samples were collected in 4 sites in southern part of Italy (Manfredonia and Brindisi sited in Apulia region, Tito and Val Basento sited in Basilicata region) that are included in the list of Italian Sites of National Interest (SIN). Quantitative determinations were performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), using a validated multi-analita method. The results were compared with those found in literature and elaborated by Principal Component Analysis statistical method (PCA), in order to put in evidence the differences about the content of such trace elements. While the place of sampling played an important role in the differentiation of samples, the species and the season of production appeared to play a marginal role. Two non compliances were found in lead content, in two sheep milk samples from the site of Val Basento. Nevertheless, no evidence of sanitary problem regarding the consumption of sheep and goat milk was found.