Abstract
We compute trace anomaly contribution to hydrogen atom mass, which turns out to be related to the part of the Lamb shift. This finding might shed new light on our understandings of the mass structure of QCD bound states, such as, proton.
Highlights
The origin of proton mass is one of the most fundamental questions remain to be answered in hadronic physics study
One can try to gain some insights into the proton mass structure by decomposing it into different pieces [5,6] based on the QCD energy momentum tensor (EMT), namely, trace anomaly contribution, parton kinematic energy and potential energy
We have calculated the contribution from the trace anomaly of the QED energy momentum tensor to the hydrogen atom mass which is given in Eq (10)
Summary
Key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation (MOE), Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, (QingDao), Shandong 266237, China (Received 3 January 2021; accepted 19 August 2021; published 9 September 2021). We compute trace anomaly contribution to hydrogen atom mass, which turns out to be related to the part of the Lamb shift. To the best of our knowledge, this is a first model independent calculation of trace anomaly contribution to a bound state. This finding might shed new light on our understandings of the mass structure of QCD bound states, such as, heavy quarkonium
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