Toxico-pathological changes induced by cypermethrin in broiler chicks: Their attenuation with Vitamin E and selenium

Abstract

Ninety 1-day old broiler chicks of mixed gender (as hatched) procured from a local hatchery were randomly divided into five equal groups. All the treatments were given through crop tubing. Groups 1–4 received cypermethrin (CY) (600 mg kg −1 b. wt.) daily for 30 days. In addition to CY (group 1), groups 2–4 received Vit E (150 mg kg −1 b. wt.), Se (0.25 mg kg −1 b. wt.), and Vit E (150 mg kg −1 b. wt.)+Se (0.25 mg kg −1 b. wt.), respectively. Group 5 served as control andreceived normal saline (2 ml kg −1 b. wt.) for 30 days. Randomly selected six broiler chicks from each group were slaughtered at experimental days 10, 20 and 30 for the collection of serum/plasma and morbid tissues. Absolute organ weights were recorded. Total plasma proteins, fibrinogen and creatinine were significantly ( P<0.05) increased while alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and urea decreased significantly ( P<0.05) in CY-treated group when compared with the control group. Kidneys were swollen grossly in treated broiler chicks. In liver, necrosis of hepatocytes, cytoplasmic vacuolation, bile duct hyperplasia and mononuclear cellular infiltration were observed. In kidneys, necrosis of tubular epithelial cells, cytoplasmic vacuolation, cellular infiltration and atrophy of glomeruli were observed. Sub-arachnoid space was much dilated in CY-treated broiler chicks. It can be concluded that CY induces biochemical and histopathological alterations in broilers chicks; however, these toxic effects can be ameliorated by Vit E or Se. Combination of Vit E and Se was more effective in ameliorating toxic effects of cypermethrin in broilers chicks.