Abstract
The toxicity of methanol extract of Khaya senegalensis leaves was evaluated in Clarias gariepinus over 96 h exposure. The fish were exposed to 150 mg/L. 170 mg/L. 190mg/L, 210 mg/L and 230 mg/L of the extract and a control in acute static bioassay after a trial finding to determine the median lethal concentration (LC 50 ) of the extract. Exposed fish showed clinical signs, such a distress opercula ventilation, tail fin beats and respiratory alteration. The frequency of opercula ventilation and tail fin beats were concentration dependent and showed significant association (P<0.05). The LC 50 value of 199,69mg/L was established for the extract in the exposed fish where mean mortally was significantly (P<0.05) concentration and exposure dependent. This plant is to be regarded as a piscine toxicant and should be discarded from the bank of rivers and dams. Keywords : Acute effect, Histopathology, Khaya senegalensis, Clarias gariepinus
Highlights
Khaya senegalensis is a tree belonging to the Meliacea family, it has plethoric usages in Africa
Aqueous extract of K. senegalensis stems back, roots and the leaves are commonly used for treating jaundice, dermatoses, malaria, fever, mucous diarrhea and venereal diseases (Iwu, 1993)
Extraction: K. senegalensis leaves were collected from the Ahmadu Bello University (ABU), Zaria, Nigeria at the bank of the natural dam and identified and authenticated by a Chief technologist at the Herbarium of the Department of Biological Sciences, ABU Zaria, Nigeria
Summary
Khaya senegalensis is a tree belonging to the Meliacea family, it has plethoric usages in Africa. The tree is commonly known in Africa for its medicinal values with its capacity to cure several diseases such as malaria, helminth infection and bacteria infections (Iwu, 1993). Aqueous extract of K. senegalensis stems back, roots and the leaves are commonly used for treating jaundice, dermatoses, malaria, fever, mucous diarrhea and venereal diseases (Iwu, 1993). Despite the intensive research on the aqueous extract and ethanolic extract of stem bark and leaves of K. senegalensis with prominent effects on terrestrial animal species, a dearth of information about the median lethal concentration and the toxicological response of the methanolic extract of the leaves on aquatic fauna including C. gariepinus still exist. The study aimed to evaluate the toxicity of methanol extract of K. senegalensis leaves in African catfish C. gariepinus
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