Abstract
To support the effort to eliminate the Syrian Arab Republic chemical weapons stockpile safely, there was a requirement to provide scientific advice based on experimentally derived information on both toxicity and medical countermeasures (MedCM) in the event of exposure to VM, VX or VM–VX mixtures. Complementary in vitro and in vivo studies were undertaken to inform that advice. The penetration rate of neat VM was not significantly different from that of neat VX, through either guinea pig or pig skin in vitro. The presence of VX did not affect the penetration rate of VM in mixtures of various proportions. A lethal dose of VM was approximately twice that of VX in guinea pigs poisoned via the percutaneous route. There was no interaction in mixed agent solutions which altered the in vivo toxicity of the agents. Percutaneous poisoning by VM responded to treatment with standard MedCM, although complete protection was not achieved.
Highlights
In October 2013, the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for its ‘extensive efforts to eliminate chemical weapons’ [1]
The penetration rates of 14C VM or 14C VX from neat or dilute agent mixtures were determined in guinea pig and pig skin in vitro
There was no significant difference between the percentage of applied dose penetration rates of 14C VM or 14C VX from neat or dilute agent mixtures
Summary
In October 2013, the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for its ‘extensive efforts to eliminate chemical weapons’ [1].
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