Towards Human Values, Ethics and Positive Emotion in Good Governance: A Reliability Test of Good Governance Index Model

Abstract

Good governance is predetermined by the ability of a manager’s advocates to focus on human values and ethics in yielding positive emotion. Therefore, it is crucial to measure through a Good Governance Index to discover the shortcomings and improvements possibilities in paving the future. Nevertheless, instruments to measure good governance are lacking, especially in public universities in Malaysia. Hence, developing good governance measuring instruments are critical and formulating the value-based good governance index to stimulate human emotions towards embracing the right behaviors goals are crucial. Past literature has revealed various indicators of good governance consisting of fairness, integrity, transparency, accountability, stewardship, etc. This study explains the process to develop an assessment instrument for Good Governance Index for Public University (GGIPU). Analysis of past literature and government circular has resulted in the emergence of four important domains namely integrity, transparency, accountability and stewardship. A questionnaire was developed based on the four domains, and a pilot study was conducted to obtain data to test the reliability of the instrument. Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient was calculated and showed Integrity domain was 0.918, Accountability domain was 0.963, Stewardship domain was 0.951, and finally, Transparency domain was 0.955. The overall reliability of the whole domain was 0.984. Hence, the GGIPU questionnaire is deemed reliable in assessing the level of good governance practices at public universities. The GGIPU will be useful for managers to assess good governance, hence facilitating them to devise strategies to inculcate good human values and ultimately yield positive emotion.