Abstract
The concept of the Internet of Things (IoT) has been a recurrent view of the physical technological environment, in the light of which it is expected that everyday artifacts are connected, enhancing the availability and ubiquity of “smart” services. Higher education institutions can be seen as a privileged ecosystem for the development of intelligent and smart solutions, due to its dynamic and everyday changing environment, which includes not only physical infrastructures, digital services, but also people, i.e., students, researchers, lecturers, and staff. This work introduces an Application-oriented Architecture-AoA that has been designed to streamline the design and development of “smart” solutions inside the campus, by focusing on the Application side and reshaping the concept of “service” to a piece of “functionality” with a clear and objective purpose, rather than the classic and conventional approach, more focused on the development or technical sides. The proposed approach provides the mechanism to have multiple applications interacting and sharing data and functionalities, ensuring coexistence between new and legacy systems that are in use on the campus, removing the major drawbacks that basic monolithic applications typically require. The generic AoA model is described and the procedure to create a new application is systematized. Lastly, three case studies (RnMonitor, Refill_H2O, and BiRa) are presented end elaborated using the AoA procedure designed to create a new application.
Highlights
The sustainable development of mankind should contribute to a free, fair, solidary, and tolerant society, ruled by the respect for nature and the human person, integrating, in all its activities, the foundations of AGENDA 2030 to achieve the Sustainable DevelopmentGoals (SDGs) [1]
The sustainability implementation in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) does involve issues like the creation of green spaces and the requalification of leisure areas, or the strategy development to reduce the consumption of paper, plastic, energy, and water, or even the creation of programs to encourage recycling and topics of utmost importance like the implementation of a set of additional actions aimed at the creation of a Smart Campus, by using the Internet of Things (IoT) concept as a practical tool to achieve the Sustainable DevelopmentGoals (SDGs) [6,7,8]
An application is seen from its functional perspective, being the technical perspective served by a common platform that can deal with multiple data sources, i.e., application-specific IoT Edge devices and other legacy devices that have been in use on the campus such as the authentication/identification terminal used for classroom attendance record, or the bar ticket acquisition system
Summary
The sustainable development of mankind should contribute to a free, fair, solidary, and tolerant society, ruled by the respect for nature and the human person, integrating, in all its activities, the foundations of AGENDA 2030 to achieve the Sustainable Development. By using Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, we ensure almost the total IP (Internet Protocol) convergence, allowing us to take advantage of the existing IP networks to communicate different types of data traffic such as voice, video, and data (IoT data included) This IP convergence enables cost-saving opportunities when it comes to the inclusion of IoT technologies on the campus, such as sensors, IP gateways, and other wireless access technologies, to monitor and control the campus infrastructures, such as lighting, power systems, air-conditioning systems, security surveillance, etc, and perform optimized management of all available resources, which can improve the campus energy efficiency, reduce the waste production, and streamline the creation of a Smart &. AoA; lastly in Section 7 the conclusions are presented along with the future work
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