Abstract
The rapid development of remote sensing technologies provides interesting possibilities for the further development of nationwide mapping procedures that are currently based mainly on passive aerial images. In particular, we assume that there is a large undiscovered potential in multitemporal airborne laser scanning (ALS) for topographic mapping. In this study, automated change detection from multitemporal multispectral ALS data was tested for the first time. The results showed that direct comparisons between height and intensity data from different dates reveal even small changes related to the development of a suburban area. A major challenge in future work is to link the changes with objects that are interesting in map production. In order to effectively utilize multisource remotely sensed data in mapping in the future, we also investigated the potential of satellite images and ground-based data to complement multispectral ALS. A method for continuous change monitoring from a time series of Sentinel-2 satellite images was developed and tested. Finally, a high-density point cloud was acquired with terrestrial mobile laser scanning and automatically classified into four classes. The results were compared with the ALS data, and the possible roles of the different data sources in a future map updating process were discussed.
Highlights
Nationwide topographic databases presenting, for example, buildings, roads, water areas, ground elevation, and some land use information provide the basic material for map production and numerous applications exploiting geospatial data
Three remote sensing techniques with different levels of detail were analyzed considering their potential for nationwide mapping, and their possible integration in a future map updating process was discussed
The results show that direct comparisons between height and intensity data from different dates reveal even small changes related to the development of a suburban area
Summary
Nationwide topographic databases presenting, for example, buildings, roads, water areas, ground elevation, and some land use information provide the basic material for map production and numerous applications exploiting geospatial data. There are increasing demands for up-to-date and detailed data. Keeping the databases up to date and further developing their contents and maintenance processes becomes more and more important In Finland, as in many other countries, aerial images covering the entire country are acquired regularly at a few years’ intervals and used as the main remotely sensed data source in map updating. Data from single-channel airborne laser scanning (ALS) are used, primarily to create high-quality digital terrain models (DTMs). The first scanning of the entire country
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