Abstract
When it comes to knowledge management (KM), one of the ways to classify it is through its processes. When it comes to tourism, it is the sectors that reveal its practical development. At this juncture, this article aims to analyze which are the tourism sectors that are considering KM in their research, as well as which KM processes are most used in tourism studies. To this end, this research is supported by an integrative literature review and follows the guidelines of the PRISMA recommendation. Due to the research protocol established and using the Scopus and Web of Science databases, an initial sample of 376 articles was obtained, of which 107 met the eligibility criteria. The research results are: (1) the most representative sectors are macro tourism and the accommodation services segment; (2) there is an emphasis on knowledge sharing and transfer processes, which are KM concerns also in other areas; (3) the researches highlight tacit knowledge, given its management complexity and the competitive differential it supports; (4) the researches on KM in tourism received criticism for low quality, complexity of scientific language, or disconnection with the managers and operators in the private and public sectors.
Highlights
According to the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO, 2020), the business volume that tourism provides is equal to or exceeds that of oil, food or automobile exports
Ansarah (2001) states that the tourism activity can be considered as a grouping of sectors that are technically complemented in a direct way by several sectors of the economy and, in an indirect way, by all the other sectors
A relevant issue regarding the integrative review is that it is important to have a systematic approach, a premise that was followed in this study through the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA) recommendation, which consists of a checklist (PRISMA, 2019a) and a flowchart (PRISMA, 2019b)
Summary
According to the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO, 2020), the business volume that tourism provides is equal to or exceeds that of oil, food or automobile exports. To ensure international comparability, a theoretical framework was established, which includes the following tourism industries: Accommodation services for visitors; Air passenger transport; Cultural activities; Food and beverage serving services; Railway passenger transport; Road passenger transport; Sports and recreational activities; Transport equipment rental; Travel agencies and other reservation services activities; and Water passenger transport. In addition to these subclasses, there are two specific categories per country: the retail trade of country-specific tourism characteristic goods; and other countryspecific tourism characteristic activities (Cooper, Volvo, Gartner, & Scott, 2018), following the classification of the UNWTO (2019). Addressing tourism through sectors can provide a more comprehensive approach, with results that have a transversal impact on this industry, and that provide greater support for comparison with other industries
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