Abstract
Abstract Desmosine, a COPD biomarker and elastin crosslinker, is a tetrasubstituted pyridinium amino acid. In this paper, the total synthesis of desmosine is described utilizing stepwise and regioselective palladium-catalyzed Sonogashira cross-coupling reactions of trihalopyridines and terminal alkynes as key steps. The 13-step synthesis starting from 4-hydroxypyridine was achieved in 11% overall yield.
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