Abstract
<p>The purpose of this meta-analysis paper is to give a clear presentation of the Total Quality Management (TQM) characteristics and concepts applicable to the higher education context. The paper presents the TQM concepts analysed by the founders of the TQM literature. Followed by the meta-analysis of the influence of TQM awards to quality management principles and characteristics. Those TQM awards are attractive to many organizations, including higher education. Consequently, their criteria can reshape the quality management concepts and implementation in organizations when they are granted such awards. This paper uses qualitative meta-analysis as a method of conducting a thorough secondary qualitative analysis of primarily qualitative results. In this systematic review procedure, the literature is reviewed as not only an objective means to combine the results of previous studies but also to compare, classify, and deduce conclusions of theTQM major concepts and the applicability of this model to higher education including successful and failing cases. All of the TQM concepts constituting of the TQM characteristics discussed by the TQM founders and also those TQM characteristics developed by the TQM awards’ criteria are analysed from the perspective of the higher education TQM scholars in order to present the applicability or inapplicability of those concepts or characteristics to higher education.</p>
Highlights
Meta-analysis initially developed in the field of education in a seminal paper by Glass (1976) that was used to synthesise quantitative research in the field of psychology
This paper presents a qualitative meta-analysis in which the findings of the higher education literature are integrated interpretively using an analytic process that establishes transparently, comprehensively, and systematically the state of knowledge in the field of quality management
The first section of the meta-analysis results presents the Total Quality Management (TQM) concepts analysed from the founders of the TQM literature
Summary
Meta-analysis initially developed in the field of education in a seminal paper by Glass (1976) that was used to synthesise quantitative research in the field of psychology. In the first step of the meta-analysis strategy, the literature of TQM founders including Crosby (1979), Deming (1966; 1986; 2000), Feigenbaum (1961), Imai (1986; 1996; 1997), Ishikawa (1985; 1990), Juran (1995; 1999; 2004), and Taguchi (1997) are systematically analysed in order to summarize the theory of each of those founders and create a comparison between the theories for the sake of creating a list of quality management concepts and characteristics. Taguchi (1997) contributed to the improvement of the quality of manufacturing through applying a statistical methodology in studying product variations from the standard requirements In summary of this meta-analysis of the TQM concepts, there is no contradiction between TQM founders in their quality management principles, but each of them focuses on some points more than others and adds its own input. Those concepts basically include: processes, results, customers, assessment, reporting, continuous improvement, planning, quality goals, strategic management, communication, teamwork, cost, product, and leadership
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