Total Phenolic Content, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Sambacus nigra L

Abstract

Sambacus nigra or elder berry is a plant from Caprifoliaceae family. The total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of methanolic, ethanolic and aqueous extract from aerial parts, berries and flowers were evaluated. TPC and TFC was assessed by spectrophotometrical method, the antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH and β-carotene linoleic acid assays, micro broth dilution assay were used for antimicrobial screenings. The TPC and TFC were in the ranges 43.7–86.3 mg gallic acid and 8.6–38.9 mg quercetin per g dry weight. The antioxidant activity of methanolic extract from aerial parts, flowers and berries with IC50 20, 30 and 35 μg/ml and inhibition percent (IP) 68, 69 and 61 % was higher than that of other extracts. The TPC and TFC content of above extract were 78.5, 20; 73.3, 38.9; 86.3, 24.6 mg/g; respectively. The methanolic extract from flowers is more effective against different kind of microorganisms especially against Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium and Candida albicans. S. pyogenes is the most sensitive Gram positive bacteria to methanolic, ethanolic and aqueous extract of S. nigra. S. nigra methanolic extract had a good potential as antimicrobial and antioxidant agents for further studies.