Abstract
Studies on the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Mitragyna speciosa leaf extracts are lacking. In this study the antioxidant properties of water, methanolic and alkaloid M. speciosa leaf extracts were evaluated using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging method. The amount of total phenolics and flavanoid contents were also estimated. The DPPH IC50 values of the aqueous, alkaloid and methanolic extracts were 213.4, 104.81 and 37.08 μg/mL, respectively. The total phenolic content of the aqueous, alkaloid and methanolic extracts were 66.0 mg, 88.4, 105.6 mg GAE/g, respectively, while the total flavanoid were 28.2, 20.0 and 91.1 mg CAE/g respectively. The antioxidant activities were correlated with the total phenolic content. This result suggests that the relatively high antioxidant activity of the methanolic extract compared to aqueous and alkaloid extract could be possibly be due to its high phenolic content. The aqueous, alkaloid and methanolic extracts were screened for antimicrobial activity. The extracts showed antimicrobial activity against Salmonella typhi and Bacillus subtilis. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of extracts determined by the broth dilution method ranged from 3.12 to 6.25 mg/mL. The alkaloid extract was found to be most effective against all of the tested organisms.
Highlights
Natural products, such as plant extract, either as pure compounds or as standardized extracts, provide unlimited opportunities for new drug discoveries because of the unmatched chemical diversity the can provide [1]
In this study we report the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of aqueous, methanolic and alkaloids extracts of M. speciosa leaf
The sensitivity of the microorganism species to the plant extracts was determined by measuring the sizes of inhibitory zones on the agar surface around the disks, and values
Summary
Natural products, such as plant extract, either as pure compounds or as standardized extracts, provide unlimited opportunities for new drug discoveries because of the unmatched chemical diversity the can provide [1]. Several studies indicate that medicinal plants contain compounds like peptides, unsaturated long chain fatty acids, aldehydes, alkaloids, essential oils, phenols and water or ethanol soluble compounds. These compounds are significant in therapeutic application against human and animal pathogens, including bacteria, fungi and viruses [2,3]. The uninhibited production of oxygen-derived free radicals is involved in the onset of many diseases such as arthritis, atherosclerosis, rheumatoid and cancer as well as in many degenerative diseases related with aging [4] This situation has prompted the continuous search for various plant sources with these medicinal values. In this study we report the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of aqueous, methanolic and alkaloids extracts of M. speciosa leaf
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