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Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the effect of herbicides and herbicides used with biostimulants on the content of total and true protein in potato tubers. The three-year field experiment was carried out using the random two-way split-plot arrangement in three repetitions. The examined factors were: I—three cultivars of potato: Bartek, Gawin, Honorata; II—five method applications of herbicides and herbicides with biostimulants: 1. Control—mechanical weeding, 2. Harrier 295 ZC (linuron + clomazone), 3. Harrier 295 ZC + Kelpak SL (linuron + clomazone and extract from algae Ecklonia maxima), 4. Sencor 70 WG (metribuzin), 5. Sencor 70 WG + Asahi SL (metribuzin and sodium p-nitrophenolate, sodium o-nitrophenolate, sodium 5-nitroguolacolate). On the plots sprayed with herbicides and herbicides mixed with biostimulants, a significant increase in the content of total and true proteins and the share of true protein in total protein in relation to tubers harvested from the control object was found. Genetic features of cultivars determined the content of total and true protein in potato tubers. The highest total and true protein was accumulated by tubers of the Bartek cultivar, and the least by the Honorata cultivar.
Highlights
Mechanical and chemical treatments using herbicides, herbicide mixtures or herbicides with other preparations used in potato plantations protect the crop against weeds [1,2,3,4], but can be phytotoxic, affect the yield and change the chemical composition of tubers [5,6,7]
Our own research showed that the content of total protein in potato tubers depended significantly on cultivated cultivars, methods of using herbicides and biostimulants and atmospheric conditions in the years of the study and was in the range of 126.7–156.6 g·kg−1 (Tables 5–7)
Herbicides and the largest share, Gawin had a smaller one and Honorata had the smallest, which was confirmed by mixtures of herbicides with biostimulants used in potato cultivation contributed to an increase in the the studies of other authors
Summary
Mechanical and chemical treatments using herbicides, herbicide mixtures or herbicides with other preparations used in potato plantations protect the crop against weeds [1,2,3,4], but can be phytotoxic, affect the yield and change the chemical composition of tubers [5,6,7]. One of the most important components of potato is protein, which in the fresh matter of the tuber is present in the amount of. 1.7%–2.3%, and in the dry matter it ranges from 4.5% to 13.6% [8,9] It occurs in a small amount, it has a high biological and nutritional value. According to Peksa et al [8] and Bartová et al [13], the biological value of potato protein is greater than that of most vegetable proteins, e.g., wheat, rice, peas, soy. According to Oser’s index, the Essential Amino Acid Index (EAA), characterizing potato protein in terms of amino acid composition indicates that it is comparable to the FAO egg standard of essential amino acid
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