Abstract
This study explores how a continuous drill of T-shaped rotor interacts with granular media and illustrates an universal torque bifurcation mechanism. Experiments shew that the drilling torque linear increases with depth initially, followed by bifurcation. The bifurcation types are intricately linked to the motion parameters of the rotor, while the depth of bifurcation and saturated torque are directly influenced by rotor geometry. DEM simulations link torque bifurcation to a low-stress fluidized region around the rotor, while the region is enclosed by a fluid–solid interface and influenced by the motion parameters. Moreover, force chain analysis demonstrates the irreversible state change of granular media disturbed by the rotor. Leveraging these insights, we propose two scaling laws quantifying the bifurcation point depth and the saturated torque, then perform qualitative analysis to explain the experimental phenomena. These findings may hold significant promise for practical engineering applications.
Published Version
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