Abstract

BackgroundThe purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and corticosteroids (intravitreal dexamethasone and peribulbar triamcinolone) in treating pseudophakic macular edema (PME).MethodsRetrospective study of 33 eyes. Variables included best corrected visual acuity (BCVA; logMAR scale) and central retinal thickness (CRT) and central choroidal thickness (CCT) assessed with swept-source OCT. All patients were initially prescribed topical NSAIDs and reevaluated after 2 months. If improvement in BCVA or CRT was noted, topical NSAIDs were continued until resolution. If no improvement was observed at 2 months or subsequent visits, intravitreal dexamethasone implant was performed. Patients who refused intravitreal treatment were offered peribulbar triamcinolone.ResultsAfter treatment with topical NSAIDs for a median of 2 months, BCVA increased significantly from 0.5 to 0.3 while CRT decreased significantly from 435 to 316 μm. PME resolved in 19 of the 33 eyes (57.6%). Of the 14 recalcitrant cases, 13 were treated with corticosteroids. Of these 13 cases, 9 (69.2%) resolved. BCVA increased non-significantly from 0.7 to 0.4. CRT and CCT decreased significantly from 492 to 317 μm and from 204 to 182 μm respectively.ConclusionsThe overall success rate of the treatment algorithm was greater than 80%, a remarkable finding considering that no randomized study has yet been conducted to determine the optimal therapeutic protocol for PME. This is the first study to evaluate choroidal thickness in PME using SS-OCT, which could play a key role in its pathophysiology and provide useful information to improve the management of PME.

Highlights

  • The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and corticosteroids in treating pseudophakic macular edema (PME)

  • The term postsurgical macular edema is used to describe the macular edema that appears in some eyes after ocular surgery such as cataract surgery or vitrectomy, and it is an important cause of postsurgical vision loss

  • The aim of the present study was to retrospectively assess the effectiveness of topical NSAIDs, intravitreal dexamethasone and peribulbar triamcinolone in patients with clinically-significant PME treated in a real-world clinical setting

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Summary

Introduction

The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and corticosteroids (intravitreal dexamethasone and peribulbar triamcinolone) in treating pseudophakic macular edema (PME). The reported incidence of PME detected with optical coherence tomography (OCT) ranges from 5.5 to 9% [3, 4]. PME typically develops from 4 to 12 weeks after the surgery, with a peak incidence around week 6 [7]. The pathophysiology of PME is not well-understood, some reports suggest that it may be related to an inflammatory process that disrupts the blood-retina barrier, leading to increased vascular permeability and subsequent fluid accumulation [7, 8]

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