Topical Application of Aronia melanocarpa Extract Rich in Chlorogenic Acid and Rutin Reduces UVB-Induced Skin Damage via Attenuating Collagen Disruption in Mice.

Young Her,Sung-Su Kim,Joon Ha Park,Ji Hyeon Ahn,Ji-Won Lee,Moo-Ho Won,Tae-Kyeong Lee,Hyejin Sim,Jae-Chul Lee,Bora Kim,Junkee Hong,Jong Dai Kim

doi:10.3390/molecules25194577

Abstract

Aronia melanocarpa, a black chokeberry, contains high levels of phenolic acids and polyphenolic flavonoids and displays antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Through high-performance liquid chromatography for extracts from Aronia melanocarpa, we discovered that the extract contained chlorogenic acid and rutin as major ingredients. In this study, we examined the protective effects of the extract against ultraviolet B- (UVB)-induced photodamage in the dorsal skin of institute of cancer research (ICR) mice. Their dorsal skin was exposed to UVB, thereafter; the extract was topically applied once a day for seven days. Photoprotective properties of the extract in the dorsal skin were investigated by clinical skin severity score for skin injury, hematoxylin and eosin staining for histopathology, Masson’s trichrome staining for collagens. In addition, we examined change in collagen type I and III, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and MMP-3 by immunohistochemistry. In the UVB-exposed mice treated with the extract, UVB-induced epidermal damage was significantly ameliorated, showing that epidermal thickness was moderated. In these mice, immunoreactivities of collagen type I and III were significantly increased, whereas immunoreactivities of MMP-1 and 3 were significantly decreased compared with those in the UVB-exposed mice. These results indicate that treatment with Aronia melanocarpa extract attenuates UV-induced photodamage by attenuating UVB-induced collagen disruption: these findings might be a result of the chlorogenic acid and rutin contained in the extract. Based on the current results, we suggest that Aronia melanocarpa can be a useful material for developing photoprotective adjuvant.

Highlights

Exposure to ultraviolet (UVB) radiation induces skin damage including erythema, excoriation, dryness, and crust formation [1,2]
Moderated matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 immunoreactivity was shown in the dorsal skin of the non-ultraviolet B- (UVB) group investigated effects of topical on skinimmunoreactivity damage including
UVB-induced gross changes such as thickened epidermis, decreased fibroblasts, disrupted collages and increased MMPs were attenuated by topical application of Aronia Melanocarpa Extract (AME)

Summary

Introduction

Exposure to ultraviolet (UVB) radiation induces skin damage including erythema, excoriation, dryness, and crust formation [1,2]. UVB radiation causes photodamage primarily through reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in the epidermis [3,4]. ROS induces secretion of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs; MMP-1, -2, -3, -9, and -13) from fibroblasts and keratinocytes, which in turn degrade collagen and other extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, impair collagen synthesis, and cause skin photodamage [5]. A black chokeberry, has been used to treat cardiovascular diseases, to lower blood pressure, and to reduce blood glucose level through its antioxidant activity [7,8]. It exhibits anti-inflammatory, gastroprotective, antidiabetic, and hepatoprotective properties [9,10]

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Conclusion