Abstract
BackgroundDermal wound healing involves a cascade of complex events including angiogenesis and extracellular matrix remodeling. Several groups have focused in the study of the skin wound healing activity of natural products. The phytomedicine Acheflan®, and its main active constituent is the oil from Cordia verbenacea which has known anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antimicrobial activities. To our knowledge, no investigation has evaluated the effect of Acheflan® in an experimental model of skin wound healing.The present study has explored the wound healing property of Acheflan® and has compared it with topical effectiveness of collagenase and fibrinolysin by using Wistar rat cutaneous excision wound model.MethodsAnimals were divided into four groups: untreated animals are negative control (NC), wounds were treated topically every day with Collagenase ointment (TC), with Fibrinolysin ointment (TF) and with cream Acheflan (TAc). Skin samples were collected on zero, 8th and 15th days after wounding. The healing was assessed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE), picrosirius red, hydoxyproline content and immunohistochemical analysis of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloprotease-9 (MMP-9). Statistical analysis was done by ANOVA and Student t-test (p < 0.05).ResultsThe histological analysis HE of wound in the TAc group was more efficient because it was possible to observe the complete remodeling of the epidermis indicating the regression of lesions compared with the NC. The evaluation of picrosirius staining has demonstrated a significant increase of collagen distribution in the TC and TAc treatments compared with NC and TF groups. These results are corroborated with hydroxyproline content. Skin TC and TAc treated rats have showed an increase of VEGF and MMP-9 compared with NC and TF groups. All parameters were significant (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe phytomedicine Acheflan® (oil of Cordia verbenacea) and TC possess higher therapeutic properties for wound healing compared with TF. These ointments seem to accelerate wound healing, probably due to their involvement with the increase of angiogenesis and dermal remodeling.
Highlights
Dermal wound healing involves a cascade of complex events including angiogenesis and extracellular matrix remodeling
The phytomedicine Acheflan® and topically with Collagenase ointment (TC) possess higher therapeutic properties for wound healing compared with Fibrinolysin ointment (TF)
The evaluation of picrosirius staining demonstrated a significant increase of collagen distribution in the TC and Cream Acheflan (TAc) treatments compared with negative control (NC) and TF groups
Summary
Dermal wound healing involves a cascade of complex events including angiogenesis and extracellular matrix remodeling. No investigation has evaluated the effect of Acheflan® in an experimental model of skin wound healing. The present study has explored the wound healing property of Acheflan® and has compared it with topical effectiveness of collagenase and fibrinolysin by using Wistar rat cutaneous excision wound model. Using an excision wound model in rat, Nayak and colleagues described that extract of Punica granatum promotes faster wound healing from hydroxyproline analysis and histological studies [13]. In this way, experimental models have been developed and have significant improved our knowledge of wound repair because they can be accessed to test the efficacy of different treatments [14, 15]
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