Abstract
Malocclusion can also be caused by abnormal functions, for instance, mouth breathing, tongue thrust, swallowing, and unilateral chewing and also by abnormal postures of oral circumferential muscles like forward tongue thrust, tongue biting, and low tongue at rest. Orthodontists agree that the tongue’s habitually abnormal movement can cause a variety of malocclusions. The aim of the present literature is to enlighten the anatomy & development of tongue, along with its functions and orthodontic implications (role in malocclusion). Keywords: Tongue, Swallowing, Mastication, Orthodontics.
Highlights
Orthodontists agree that the tongue’s habitually abnormal movement can cause a variety of malocclusions
It is universally acknowledged that the power of the tongue misshapes the arches and many concerned study has been devoted to determine whether the tongue is an important factor in malocclusion
Malocclusion could be caused by abnormal functions, for instance, mouth breathing, tongue thrust, swallowing, and unilateral chewing and by abnormal postures of oral circumferential muscles like forward tongue thrust, tongue biting, and low tongue at rest
Summary
Orthodontists agree that the tongue’s habitually abnormal movement can cause a variety of malocclusions. Forces from unintentional and habitual behaviors constantly working on the maxillofacial and alveolar regions can cause the bony structures to generally deform, bringing about jaw deformity and malocclusion. Anatomy of Tongue & Development of Dental Arches (Fig. 1) The normal growth, development and function of the tongue is well integrated with the growth, development and function of all other related oral and dental structures which inevitably leads to normal jaw relation and dental function. Three theories have been developed regarding factors which augment inherent growth tendencies. The development of the jaws is due principally to occlusal force during mastication. The development of the jaws is governed principally by the development of the teeth
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