Abstract
Summary Eleven herbicides were tested for their toxicity to newly planted Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis seedlings. Haloxyfop-methyl, sethoxydim, oxyfluorfen, tridiphane, fenoxaprop-ethyl, and clopyralid at half, once and twice the rates recommended for effective weed control were not toxic to P. caribaea either as pre- or post-plant treatments. Post-plant applications of terbumeton/terbuthylazine, chlorsulfuron, and triclopyr significantly reduced height growth and survival. Terbumeton/terbuthylazine and chlorsulfuron also significantly reduced height and survival when applied prior to planting. Simazine, resolved isomer formulation of fluazifop-butyl, and simazine/fluazifop- butyl mixture were not toxic to P. caribaea as post-plant applications, but pre-plant treatments with these herbicides injured the transplants. It is thought that this injury was caused by the mixing of herbicide-treated topsoil into the root zone of the transplants during outplanting.
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