TO THE ISSUE OF REASONABLE AMOUNT OF QUALITY ENERGY IN THE ENTERPRISES’ POWER GRIDS

Abstract

As known, the quality of electricity directly affects the operation of power consumers of all industrial enterprises as a whole. The purpose of this study is to analyze the existing limitations on the quality of electricity in the networks of industrial enterprises, as well as to assess the amount of electricity consumed by the enterprise, which must meet the requirements for its quality. To improve the level of electricity quality in the power networks of industrial enterprises, a number of technical and organizational measures are proposed. The first of these include the use of passive and active filters of higher-order harmonics, linear inductors, dynamic voltage distortion compensators, installation of voltadic transformers, etc. Organizational measures include optimization of the circuit and operating modes of the network, voltage regulation, phase load balancing, etc. Knowing the list of all the technical means used to improve the quality of electricity at any enterprise and the share of their total load capacity in relation to the consumed, it is possible to calculate the average added value for electricity that takes place in a particular case. Estimation of reasonable amount of high-quality electricity on the example of repair and mechanical workshop of metallurgical enterprise is carried out. According to the data, the installed power of electric power consumers, which meet the proposed criteria I, II and III are respectively 276 kW, 178.5 kW and 94 kW. As a percentage, it is 50.32 %, 32.54 % and 17.14 % of the total capacity of the workshop. Existing restrictions on the quality of electricity in the networks of industrial enterprises from an economic point of view are not advisable, since for a significant number of their consumers they are too rigid. The installed power of electricity consumers whose operation mode depends significantly on its quality, for different enterprises ranges from 20 % to 50 %. The added cost for electricity required to ensure its quality when using various technical measures in this regard ranges from 0.2... 0.35 UAH/k Wh, which is 5... 8 % of its commercial value. Electricity consumers should be divided into categories regarding the reasonability for them of the requirements for the quality of electricity necessary to ensure the normal operation of the equipment and the technological process.