Abstract
Abstract One of the major health security challenges of the 21st century is the occurrence of microbial infections and bacterial complications that could affect 10 million people by 2050. On the biomaterial field, implant metallic currently replaces partial or total body parts and can fail to be integrated into the body due to infections. This study performs two combined surface modifications on Ti-30Ta alloy, in order to obtain an infection-resistance and osseointegration surface on metallic implants to be tested within bacterial biofilm. The Group 1 investigated surface modifications by the anodization process in the electrolyte glycerol + NH4F 0.25% at 30V- 9 hours and annealed in 530°C (5°C/min). The Group 2 underwent the same process as Group 1 and, additionally, the samples were immersed in 0.3 M CaCl2 and 0.5 M Na2HPO4 solutions for hydroxyapatite growth. The substrate was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and dynamic contact angle. S. epidermidis bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. The results indicated that the Group 1 shows a higher antimicrobial activity, hydrophilic behavior and potential to be used for metallic implant applications. The Group 2 with the hydroxyapatite film coating did not have an improvement in the antimicrobial response.
Highlights
One of the major health security challenges of the 21st century is the occurrence of microbial infections
In the Group 2, hydroxyapatite film was successfully coated on the TiO2 nanotubes
Biomimetic coating technique can be employed to deposit calcium phosphate on substrate. Further analysis of both coatings (Figure 2) with EDS confirmed the elemental composition of calcium and phosphorus, indicating that the coating was composed by Ca–P phase
Summary
One of the major health security challenges of the 21st century is the occurrence of microbial infections. This challenging scenario is difficult to overcome due to the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) identified in some microorganisms. Staphylococcus epidermidis is a member of the normal human microbiota, usually found on the skin and mucous membranes. This microorganism adheres to the surface of the host tissue by specific adhesion mechanism, establishing a continuous commensal relationship with humans. It is noticed that S. epidermidis provides some benefits to the human host, by the competition with other virulent pathogens[3]. Mainly due to its capability to form biofilm in implanted foreign bodies, S. epidermidis has arisen as an important opportunistic pathogen in patients that receive
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