TINJAUAN PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI DALAM PERSPEKTIF FILSAFAT PENDIDIKAN

Abstract

This study explores the philosophical concepts of early childhood education based on the understanding that children possess inherent potential from the beginning of life that needs to be optimally developed. This perspective aligns with the views of child psychology and ethnopediatrics experts, who emphasize the importance of social, cognitive, and motor development from an early age. The discussion reviews the viewpoints of several prominent philosophers, including Al-Ghazali, Frederich W. Froebel, Ibn Sina, Ki Hajar Dewantara, and John Dewey, each of whom has made significant contributions to early childhood education theory.Al-Ghazali emphasizes the importance of education that guides children to act well and engage through play. Froebel, as the pioneer of the Kindergarten concept, advocates for education that allows children to develop naturally through play. Ibn Sina highlights the importance of role models, motivation, and reinforcement through praise and punishment in child education. Ki Hajar Dewantara integrates culturally-based education with Islamic values to form a well-rounded individual. Meanwhile, John Dewey stresses the significance of experience and interaction in the educational process, understanding children's interests and needs as fundamental elements in their development.Through this study, it is revealed that philosophical approaches to early childhood education play a crucial role in shaping balanced and morally upright individuals, with each philosopher providing relevant insights for application in contemporary educational contexts.