Abstract
Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) suffers from photo-oxidation and photodegradation when exposed to harsh conditions. Application of PVC thus relies on the development of ever more efficient photostabilizers. The current research reports the synthesis of new complexes of tin and their assessment as poly(vinyl chloride) photostabilizers. The three new complexes were obtained in high yields from reaction of 4-(benzylideneamino)benzenesulfonamide and tin chlorides. Their structures were elucidated using different tools. The complexes were mixed with poly(vinyl chloride) at a very low concentration and thin films were made from the blends. The effectiveness of the tin complexes as photostabilizers has been established using a variety of methods. The new tin complexes led to a decrease in weight loss, formation of small residues, molecular weight depression, and surface alteration of poly(vinyl chloride) after irradiation. The additives act by absorption of ultraviolet light, removal the active chlorine produced through a dehydrochlorination process, decomposition of peroxides, and coordination with the polymeric chains. The triphenyltin complex showed the greatest stabilizing effect against PVC photodegradation as a result of its high aromaticity.
Highlights
Plastic is a polymeric material that is widely used as an alternative for wood, glass, and metals in various applications [1,2]
Three new organotin complexes 1–3 were synthesized in 63–86% yields (Table 1) from the reaction of appropriate substituted tin chloride and 4-(benzylideneamino)benzenesulfonamide on refluxing in MeOH (Schemes 1 and 2)
Three new tin complexes were synthesized in good yields from the reaction of substituted tin chlorides and 4-(benzylideneamino)benzenesulfonamide
Summary
Plastic is a polymeric material that is widely used as an alternative for wood, glass, and metals in various applications [1,2]. Plastics are cheap to produce and have superior performance and unique properties compared with other materials [3]. Polymers can occur in nature (e.g., rubber) or can be produced synthetically as in the case of poly(vinyl chloride). They can be soft and flexible owing to low crystallinity or rigid with a high level of crystallinity [4]. PVC is a thermoplastic that is suitable for many applications thanks to its excellent performance and unique properties. Among synthetic polymers, it is only superseded by polyethylene and polypropylene in terms of production and consumption scales [5]. Sunlight and harsh conditions have a detrimental effect on PVC, leading to its photooxidation and photodegradation
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