Time Transfer Algorithm Using Multi-GNSS PPP with Ambiguity Resolution

Abstract

With the development of real-time service (RTS) project, timing users can apply the real-time precise point positioning (PPP) technique for time transfer. As a participant in the RTS project, the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) implements the PPPWIZARD (Precise point positioning with Integer and Zero-difference Ambiguity Resolution Demonstrator) project to validate the PPP with ambiguity resolution. In order to analyze the contribution of multiple global navigation satellite system (multi-GNSS) and real-time ambiguity resolution to time transfer, our experiment used the observation from multi-GNSS, including GPS (Global Positioning System), GLONASS (GLObal NAvigation Satellite System), BDS (BeiDou navigation System), and Galileo for data processing. Meanwhile, the real-time products from CNES were utilized to examine the performance of four different PPP processing modes. The experimental results indicated that, of all the processing modes, the time transfer using multi-GNSS PPP with GPS ambiguity resolution had the smallest standard deviations (STDs). The STD value was decreased by 38.1%, compared with the traditional time transfer results using GPS PPP.