Time sensitive analysis of independent and stationary increment processes

Abstract

We study the behavior of independent and stationary increments jump processes as they approach fixed thresholds. The exact crossing time is unavailable because the real-time information about successive jumps is unknown. Instead, the underlying process A(t) is observed only upon a third-party independent point process {τn}. The observed time series {A(τn)} presents crude, delayed data. The crossing is first observed upon one of the observations, denoted τν. We develop and further explore a new technique to revive the real-time paths of A(t) for all t belonging to an interval before the pre-crossing observation, [0,τν−1), or between the observations just before and just after the crossing, [τν−1,τν), as a joint Laplace–Stieltjes transform and probability generating function of A(t), A(τν−1), A(τν), τν−1, and τν. Joint probability distributions are obtained from the transforms in a tractable form and they are applied to modeling of stochastic networks under cyber attacks by accurately predicting their crash.