Abstract
Classic circuit modeling for supercapacitors is limited in representing the strongly non-linear behavior of the hybrid supercapacitor technology. In this work, two novel modeling techniques suitable to represent the time-domain electrical behavior of a hybrid supercapacitor are presented. The first technique enhances a well-affirmed circuit model by introducing specific non-linearities. The second technique models the device through a black-box approach with a neural network. Both the modeling techniques are validated experimentally using a workbench to acquire data from a real hybrid supercapacitor. The proposed models, suitable for different supercapacitor technologies, achieve higher accuracy and generalization capabilities compared to those already presented in the literature. Both modeling techniques allow for an accurate representation of both short-time domain and steady-state simulations, providing a valuable asset in electrical designs featuring supercapacitors.
Highlights
Supercapacitors (SC) are widely adopted as Energy Storage Systems (ESS) in several applications, because of properties such as suitability for fast and efficient charging, highpower density, and low internal resistance
In practical applications, the time required to store a specified energy amount at nominal levels of charge is at least 50% shorter than that required by batteries
SCs result in a long life and wide operative temperature range, SCs are a promising alternative to traditional batteries and lead to the so-called Hybrid Energy Storage Systems (HESS) [2]
Summary
Supercapacitors (SC) are widely adopted as Energy Storage Systems (ESS) in several applications, because of properties such as suitability for fast and efficient charging, highpower density, and low internal resistance. One more advantage of the SCs is that they have a reduced recharge time if compared to Li-ion batteries; commercially available SCs do not typically rely on redox reactions at the electrodes, so that a limited resistance is opposed towards energy storing and release [1]. In practical applications, the time required to store a specified energy amount at nominal levels of charge is at least 50% shorter than that required by batteries. SCs result in a long life and wide operative temperature range, SCs are a promising alternative to traditional batteries and lead to the so-called Hybrid Energy Storage Systems (HESS) [2]. The model must accurately reproduce the voltage/current dynamic characteristic and must correctly predict the power loss occurring during the charge and discharge process [3]
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