Abstract
ABSTRACT Purpose: to analyze and compare the performance in the time-compressed speech test and the auditory behavior of adults with and without central auditory processing disorders. Methods: an observational, analytical, cross-sectional study with a total of 40 people of both genders aged 18 to 35 years participating in the study. They were submitted to anamnesis, basic audiological assessment, and a core battery of tests for central auditory processing - including the dichotic digits test (binaural integration), frequency pattern test, and time-compressed speech test (TCST). Based on the results of the dichotic digits and frequency pattern tests, the subjects were divided into two groups, with and without central auditory processing disorders. The auditory behavior was assessed with the Scale of Auditory Behavior (SAB) questionnaire. The Mann-Whitney and Fisher’s exact tests were used for the statistical analysis, setting the significance level at p < 0.05. Results: no difference in performance was found between the groups regarding the ears. There was a difference between the groups only in the time-compressed speech test with monosyllable stimuli in the left ear (p = 0.026). Monosyllables were the words that resulted in most errors. Conclusion: it was verified that only the list of stimuli influenced the performance, differing the individuals with and without central auditory processing disorders. There was an association of auditory behavior, analyzed with the SAB questionnaire, with the performance in the TCST with the list of monosyllables. It is suggested that this list be used when assessing adults by the time-compressed speech test.
Highlights
The central auditory processing (CAP) is the capacity of our nervous system to recognize, interpret, and process auditory stimuli – i.e., comprehend sound information[1]
The following aspects were listed as inclusion criteria: age range from 18 to 49 years; auditory thresholds within normality standards bilaterally[17]; type A tympanometric curve bilaterally[18]; Brazilian Portuguese spoken as first language; absence of oral language alterations and neurological impairments reported by the individuals; no previous musical experience
The descriptive statistical analysis of the data found in the Scale of Auditory Behavior (SAB) questionnaire and Dichotic Digits Test (DDT) and frequency pattern test (FPT) auditory behavioral tests are presented in Table 1, per group and total sample
Summary
The central auditory processing (CAP) is the capacity of our nervous system to recognize, interpret, and process auditory stimuli – i.e., comprehend sound information[1]. There is a series of auditory skills that cooperate to the understanding of acoustic information, namely: sound localization and lateralization, auditory discrimination, selective attention, figure-ground, auditory closure, and temporal resolution, ordering and masking[2]. One’s difficulty in comprehending auditory information is not always caused by hearing loss. It may be a consequence of the central auditory processing disorder (CAPD), which occurs when the person has a deficit in one or more of the abovementioned auditory skills. People with CAPD present such complaints as difficulties regarding memory, hearing in noise, understanding both verbal and nonverbal sound information, inattention, and learning problems, involving reading and writing[3]. The special behavioral tests that assess the CAP auditory skills are divided into groups: monaural low-redundancy, binaural integration, dichotic hearing, and temporal processing tests. A core battery of tests employed to assess the CAP must include one test of each of these groups, and at least one of them must have nonverbal stimulus[1,2]
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