Tiger Parks in Anthropocene China

Abstract

This chapter interrogates the human–tiger relationship with regard to tiger conservation in China, with particular focus on the role of the state and the controversial private tiger parks. As commercial entities, these parks are seen to be more interested in profits than conservation, and often create more problems by raising genetic “monsters,” partaking in the illicit tiger trade and diverting resources away from the real conservation needs. This chapter argues that the government has had some success in helping with conserving tigers in Northeast China, but can do more by drawing lessons from criticisms to enhance their partnership with the private zoological parks. As the only player with sufficient authority, the government can play a mediating role between green advocates, the free market forces, and societal interests to forge the best way forward for tiger conservation. Conservationists could be more successful if they are more accommodating and stay in turn with the development aspirations of the nation. Fuelled by traditional culture and folk beliefs, the illicit demand for tiger products can only be countered by education and persuasion supported by the rigorous and intelligent application of the law. The chapter concludes with some recommendations going forward.